COMENTÁRIOS DA LIÇÃO DA ESCOLA SABATINA

O LIVRO DE ÊXODO

Terceiro Trimestre de 2025

Lesson 3: Rough Start (Exodus 5-7)

Introduction: Put yourself in Moses’ place. You are

demanding that the most powerful man in Egypt give you an

asset that is central to his national economy. If you are

not expecting a lot of resistance, you have no common sense.

Recently, I was told that anyone who is faithful to God

should expect trouble because Satan will target you. Maybe.

My observation, supported by the Moses’ story, is that most

of our troubles result from our own bad decisions. We want

to blame Satan instead of admitting our mistakes. Satan can

resist God, but this story is about how one of the most

powerful nations in the world was no match for our God.

Let’s plunge into our study of the Bible and begin the story

about what happens to those who think they are superior to

our God!

I. The Pharaoh Experience

A. Read Exodus 4:29-31. Has Moses resolved the issue

of whether the Hebrews will believe him? (They are

now worshiping the true God.)

B. Read Exodus 5:1-2. Is this the question you would

ask if you were Pharaoh? (I would want to know what

god is telling me to give up my valuable asset.)

1. Is Pharaoh’s view on whether he should free

the Hebrew slaves dependent upon the nature of

the Hebrew God? (No. Pharaoh wants to know

which god is telling him this, but he says

that regardless he is not going to let the

slaves go.)

C. Read Exodus 5:3. What kind of answer is this to

Pharaoh’s question about who is this god to which

he is supposed to listen? (First they identify

their God as “the God of the Hebrews.” Is that

persuasive? Pharaoh made that God’s people slaves.

Why not say He is the great God of the universe?

Second, they give this story that they want to

travel for three days to worship their God. I’m

certain Pharaoh considered this to be a ruse. Last,

they said that if they did not worship, they would

be punished. Why would Pharaoh care about that?)

1. Who suggested this opening statement to

Pharaoh? (Read Exodus 3:18. God told them to

make the first two statements! He did not say

He would punish the Hebrews if they did not go

on this retreat. Rather, God said that Pharaoh

would not voluntarily agree. Exodus 3:19.)

2. What is God’s strategy in this recommended

answer? (God wants to identify with the

Hebrews. He does not need grand words to

describe Himself, His actions will speak for

Him.)

3. Why a three-day journey? Is there something

special about that distance? (Yes. The Adam

Clarke commentary reveals this is the distance

from Goshen to Sinai.)

D. Read Exodus 5:5-8. Is Pharaoh’s tough response

suggested by the comments of Moses and Aaron? (Yes.

They ask if the people can take a three-day

retreat. Pharaoh responds that if they have time

for a retreat, they are not working hard enough.)

E. Read Exodus 5:9. Whose “lying words” are referred

to here? (Pharaoh is talking about Moses and

Aaron.)

F. Let’s skip down and continue this conversation.

Read Exodus 5:16-19. How would you react if you

were one of the foremen?

G. Read Exodus 5:20-21. How serious do the foremen see

the problem of the increased work? (They think

Hebrews will die because of it.)

1. What do you think about the foremen going to

Pharaoh instead of Moses and Aaron? (The

Hebrews were not committed to Moses being

their spokesman. This showed a weakness to

Pharaoh.)

H. Read Exodus 5:22-23. Think about the words of Moses

to God. Is Moses right? Are these words what God

needs to hear? Or is Moses a terrible leader?

(Instead of encouraging the Hebrews to have faith

in God, he joins with those who are complaining.)

II. God’s Response

A. Read Exodus 6:1. What different view of the future

is God giving Moses? (God is not saying that

Pharaoh will reluctantly let His people go. Rather

God is saying that Pharaoh will drive them out. It

will be Pharaoh’s idea that they should leave.)

B. Read Exodus 6:2-3. Why is God talking about using a

new name? (Commentaries that I consulted assert

that God is not saying that the name He is using

now (Yahweh) is new. Instead, God is saying that He

did not previously reveal His full power to

Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.)

C. Read Exodus 6:4-8. How would you describe God’s

message to His people? (The deliverance of the

people is part of fulfilling a very old plan. This

is not some new decision.)

D. Read Exodus 6:9. Does the new message do the job?

(No. The Hebrews are broken.)

1. Have you had that experience? That you just

feel broken and God cannot get through to you?

2. Have you had that experience with others? That

you have a hard time bringing God’s message of

encouragement because they are broken?

E. Read Exodus 6:10-12. We understand Moses’ logic.

Pharaoh did not believe him before, the people do

not believe him now, why should he go to Pharaoh a

second time? What does Moses mean when he calls his

lips “uncircumcised?” (Circumcision was the ancient

sign of a relationship with God. Moses is likely

saying he is unworthy.)

1. Would you agree that Moses is unworthy? (I

would. Moses is almost as much of a problem as

the slaves. Of course that is easy for us to

say since we are not in the middle of this

fire.)

F. We will not read Exodus 6:14-25. On the surface

this section seems bizarre. In this dispute with

Pharaoh, and the failing faith of God’s people, we

are strangely presented with a genealogy. Let’s

see if we can understand this. Read Exodus 6:26-30.

Is this an answer to Moses’ claim (repeated in

verse 30) that he has uncircumcised lips? (God is

answering Moses’ claim of being unworthy. God

essentially replies, “Who is more worthy than you?

Look at the line of your ancestors.”)

G. Read Exodus 7:1-2. “I have made you like God to

Pharaoh.” Would that encourage you? Would it

strengthen you?

H. Read Exodus 7:3-5. Is the future easier when you

understand how events will take place?

1. Notice that God refers to what He is about to

do as “acts of judgment.” What is the basis

for this judgment? (There seems to be a list.

Defying God. Enslaving the Hebrews.

Retaliating against the people for Moses’

demands.)

2. Another thing to notice in verse four is the

reference to God’s people as “hosts.” The KJV

translates this as “armies.” The word means

“organized for war.” Why would God put it that

way when He is doing all the fighting?

I. Read Exodus 7:6-7. Why mention the ages of Moses

and Aaron? (These are not young men. The point is

that God is the power here, not humans.)

1. Are you ever too old to be in a partnership

with God?

J. Read Exodus 7:8-11. What would you say now if you

were Moses?

1. Did God know that the Egyptian sorcerers could

do this? If the answer is, “Yes,” then why

would God suggest this sign?

2. What kind of power do you think these

sorcerers used? (This is Satanic power. Look

at 2 Thessalonians 2:9 and 2 Timothy 3:8. The

leaders of the sorcerers are even named. Satan

has the ability to perform “great signs and

wonders.” Matthew 24:24.)

K. Read Exodus 7:12. Are you now convinced of the

power of God?

L. Read Exodus 7:13. Pharaoh is not convinced. Is this

good for God? (We will turn next week to see God

revealing His true power.)

M. Friend, do you have times in your life when things

are not going well? Do you fee discouraged? God

loves you and cares for you. God has the power to

change the circumstances of your life. Will you

trust Him? Why not make that decision right now?

III. Next week: The Plagues.

Copr. 2025, Bruce N. Cameron, J.D. Scripture quotations are

from the ESV Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard

Version ), copyright 2001 by Crossway, a publishing

ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All

rights reserved. Suggested answers are found within

parentheses. If you normally receive this lesson by e-mail,

but it is lost one week, you can find it by clicking on this

link: http://www.GoBible.org. Pray for the guidance of the

Holy Spirit as you study.

Bruce N. Cameron